Urbanization

URBANISATION

Urbanization is a population shift from rural to urban areas, and the ways in which society adapts to the change. It predominantly results in the physical growth of urban areas, be it horizontal or vertical.

Cause of urbanization:

Ultimately it's business. Cities are grown from big businesses interests and their need for skyscrapers, factories, and whatnot.
Urbanization is due to the growth of population in cities and the migration of people to the cities from the rural area to the urban areas for better employment and to lead a better life.
The growth of was the biggest cause. Also the enclosure movement contributed substantially to the growth of cities.
Factories need workers so the capitalistic system creates situations whereby the non urban areas cannot support the local populace and people are enticed to move to cities.
What causes urbanization is poor farmers moving from villages to cities to find higher paying jobs.
Mostly the decrease in the number of jobs available in the rural area as more and more land is taken away to be used for housing, and cities. There are also other factors which are common to all LEDC's.
Urbanization is caused by natural births (more births than deaths) and migration to the core cities.

Effects of urbanization:

there are factors which force the rural population to migrate towards the urban areas. these factors are discussed as follows...

lack of employment opportunities
disguised unemployment
decline in agricultural income
unfavorable terms of between agriculture and industry
problem of joint family system
insecurity in rural areas
ceiling of land holdings
lack of basic facilities
lack of education and health facilities
increasing population pressure on land

URBANIZATION IN THE OLDEN DAYS!!!!

Urbanization accelerated dramatically with the advent of industrialization some 200 years ago. At that time, large numbers of people moved to cities in search of jobs, mostly in industries. But the most rapid growth has taken place over the past 50 years. While less than one-third of the world's population lived in cities in 1950, about two thirds of humanity is expected to live in urban areas by 2030. Most of that urbanization is taking place in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

URBANIZATION IN FUTURE!!

The most significant urban planning challenges revolve around infrastructure and public works, especially access to clean drinking water, adequate sanitation, and functioning public transportation. Urban aquifers, such as the one in Mexico City, are being overtaxed by growing urban populations, and civic engineers struggle to design solutions. Mega cities already need to obtain their water from increasingly farther distances, sometimes crossing international borders to do so, complicating matters further.Public transportation is a significant concern as well. Thousands of cars now clog the streets in these growing cities, creating nightmares for commuters.